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Python track

A rigorous, readable first language: values, types, names and programs in Python 3.12.

python track

Ordered the way it's meant to be learned — each lesson assumes the ones before it.

23 lessons live

Programming Foundations with Python

Values, types, names, f-strings and truthiness in Python 3 - a rigorous first step into programming.

  1. Python Foundations: Values, Variables & TypesHow Python represents data: names and values, the core built-in types, f-string formatting, None and truthiness, and what dynamic typing means in practice.35 minbeginner
  2. Python Foundations: Functions & Control FlowDefine functions with parameters and return values, branch with if/elif/else, loop with for and while, and use defaults, docstrings, break and continue well.40 minbeginner
  3. Python Foundations: Lists, Tuples, Dicts & SetsThe four core collections - lists, tuples, dicts and sets: what each is for, how to change them safely, and how to choose the right one for the job.40 minbeginner
  4. Python Foundations: Strings, Slicing & ComprehensionsWork with text using strip, split, join and replace, slice strings and lists with start:stop:step, and build new lists with comprehensions.35 minbeginner
  5. Python Foundations: Errors, Modules & FilesCatch specific errors with try and except, raise clear failures of your own, import the standard library, and read text files safely with with.40 minbeginner

Object-Oriented Design

Classes, objects, composition and inheritance, and when each design pays off.

  1. Object-Oriented Design: Classes & ObjectsModel real nouns with your own types: class syntax, __init__ and self, attributes vs methods, __str__ and __repr__, and the judgment to know when a class is overkill.40 minbeginner
  2. Object-Oriented Design: Inheritance, ABCs & ProtocolsShare behavior with inheritance and super(), enforce contracts with abstract base classes, type by shape with Protocols - and know when composition is the better answer.45 minbeginner
  3. Object-Oriented Design: Composition, Dataclasses & PropertiesCut class boilerplate with @dataclass, lock values with frozen=True, build bigger objects by composing smaller ones, and guard state with @property - the everyday OOP toolkit.45 minbeginner
  4. Object-Oriented Design: Dunder Methods, Iterators & GeneratorsTeach your objects to work with len(), for loops and == by implementing dunder methods, then produce lazy sequences with the iterator protocol and generators.45 minintermediate
  5. Object-Oriented Capstone — Design a Real ProgramThe OOP module's capstone: turn a plain-English spec into a class design, build a working task tracker with a frozen Task, an iterable TaskList and a command loop, and verify it honestly by hand.60 minintermediate

Data Structures & Algorithms

Lists, dicts, stacks, queues and trees, with the reasoning to pick the right one.

  1. Algorithms: Complexity & Big-OReason about code cost the way professionals do: count operations with big-O notation, tell best from worst case, and measure honestly with timeit.40 minintermediate
  2. Algorithms: Searching & SortingImplement linear and binary search, trace them by hand, sort with insertion sort for learning and with Python's built-in Timsort for real work.45 minintermediate
  3. Algorithms: Recursion & Divide-and-ConquerThink in recursive calls and call-stack frames, read a recursion tree, and implement merge sort - then learn when a plain loop is the better tool.45 minintermediate
  4. Data Structures: Stacks, Queues & Hash MapsPick the structure that matches your access pattern: stacks for last-in-first-out, queues for fair processing, and dict hash maps for instant key lookup.45 minintermediate
  5. Data Structures: Trees & GraphsOrganize hierarchical and connected data: binary search trees with three traversal orders, graphs as adjacency lists, and BFS and DFS exploration.50 minintermediate

Data & Persistence

Files, SQL databases and queries that keep data safe between runs.

  1. Databases: SQL FundamentalsMeet relational databases through SQLite: why they beat JSON files, how to create typed tables, and how to ask precise questions with SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY, and LIMIT.40 minintermediate
  2. Databases: Joins, Aggregates & SubqueriesStitch split tables back together: INNER and LEFT JOIN row by row, GROUP BY with COUNT, AVG and SUM, HAVING versus WHERE, and subqueries that answer questions inside questions.45 minintermediate
  3. Databases: Schema DesignDesign the tables themselves: natural versus surrogate keys, foreign keys and referential integrity, junction tables for many-to-many, the anomalies that punish redundancy, constraints, indexes and migrations.45 minintermediate
  4. Databases: Python & SQLite in PracticeDrive the database from Python: the sqlite3 module's connections and cursors, fetching rows, the SQL injection attack and the ? placeholders that end it, transactions with commit and rollback, and a small data-access layer for a notes app.45 minintermediate

Professional Practice

Testing, debugging, version control and collaborating on real projects.

  1. Professional Practice: Testing with pytestWrite your first automated tests with pytest: arrange-act-assert, parametrize for edge cases, fixtures, pytest.raises - and red-green TDD as a taste, not a religion.45 minintermediate
  2. Professional Practice: Modules, Packages & Virtual EnvironmentsGrow scripts into projects: modules as files, packages with __init__.py, a virtual environment per project, pinned requirements.txt, and pyproject.toml to tie it together.40 minintermediate
  3. Professional Practice: Type Hints, Linting & DocsAnnotate functions with type hints, check your code with mypy and ruff, write Google-style docstrings, and build a README that gets a stranger from clone to running.40 minintermediate
  4. Professional Practice Capstone — Debug, Profile & ShipThe module capstone: read tracebacks bottom-up, corner bugs with breakpoint() and pdb, profile with cProfile and pstats, then ship a complete temperature-converter CLI - tests green, ruff clean, packaged and documented.60 minintermediate

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